Debian Docker 安装
Debian 上的安装步骤，以及和 Ubuntu 的差异点。
Key PointsDebian 与 Ubuntu 步骤几乎一致，只是仓库地址换成 /linux/debian，且要确认 VERSION_CODENAME 存在。
配置仓库
Bash
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install -y ca-certificates curl gnupg
sudo install -m 0755 -d /etc/apt/keyrings
curl -fsSL https://download.docker.com/linux/debian/gpg \
| sudo gpg --dearmor -o /etc/apt/keyrings/docker.gpg
sudo chmod a+r /etc/apt/keyrings/docker.gpg
echo "deb [arch=$(dpkg --print-architecture) signed-by=/etc/apt/keyrings/docker.gpg] \
https://download.docker.com/linux/debian $(. /etc/os-release && echo $VERSION_CODENAME) stable" \
| sudo tee /etc/apt/sources.list.d/docker.list > /dev/null安装与验证
Bash
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install -y docker-ce docker-ce-cli containerd.io \
docker-buildx-plugin docker-compose-plugin
sudo systemctl enable --now docker
sudo docker run --rm hello-world和 Ubuntu 的差异
| Item | Ubuntu | Debian |
|---|---|---|
| Repo path | /linux/ubuntu | /linux/debian |
| Codename | jammy / noble | bookworm / bullseye |
| Old package | docker.io | docker.io |
| cgroup | v2 by default | v2 on bookworm+ |
Debian 12 (bookworm) defaults to cgroup v2, which Docker older than 20.10 cannot use. Install the current release.
配置仓库
Bash
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install -y ca-certificates curl gnupg
sudo install -m 0755 -d /etc/apt/keyrings
curl -fsSL https://download.docker.com/linux/debian/gpg \
| sudo gpg --dearmor -o /etc/apt/keyrings/docker.gpg
sudo chmod a+r /etc/apt/keyrings/docker.gpg
echo "deb [arch=$(dpkg --print-architecture) signed-by=/etc/apt/keyrings/docker.gpg] \
https://download.docker.com/linux/debian $(. /etc/os-release && echo $VERSION_CODENAME) stable" \
| sudo tee /etc/apt/sources.list.d/docker.list > /dev/null安装与验证
Bash
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install -y docker-ce docker-ce-cli containerd.io \
docker-buildx-plugin docker-compose-plugin
sudo systemctl enable --now docker
sudo docker run --rm hello-world和 Ubuntu 的差异
| 项目 | Ubuntu | Debian |
|---|---|---|
| 仓库路径 | /linux/ubuntu | /linux/debian |
| 代号 | jammy / noble | bookworm / bullseye |
| 旧包名 | docker.io | docker.io |
| cgroup | 默认 v2 | bookworm+ 为 v2 |
Debian 12（bookworm）默认启用 cgroup v2，旧版 Docker（< 20.10）不兼容，装官方最新版即可。